Mick,
When I say "passes", I mean individual operations. It's like saying that I first made a pass at altering the contrast, and then made another pass at altering the white peak level. One alteration is made and then completed by clicking "OK". Then the second alteration is made and completed by clicking "OK."
One can alter an image in terms of contrast, gamma, black level or white level by a number of schemes offered by the software. Almost universal are:
- Brightness/Contrast
- Levels
- Curves
When selecting Curves, one is presented with a dialog containing a square grid representing the input and output grey scales, on a scale of 0-255. The middle is at 127,127. Initially, a straight diagonal line is drawn from lower left to upper right. One can click-drag this line to alter the output levels. A single click-drag bends the line to a continuously smooth curve. That's what the first pass is doing. I click at the center, then drag straight down, watching the X,Y values until setting the cursor position at 128,80. This makes the line now downward, curving more steeply upward toward the upper right.
One can click anywhere on the line, at any time, to place an anchor. This point will be locked. Click-dragging another point on the line will curve the overall line smoothly in accordance with thelocked-down point. This is what's done for the second pass.i place an anchor on the middle of the straight line at 127,127. Then I click on the upper right end of the line at 255,255, and drag it down until the X,Y cursor position is 255, 223. This makes for a mostly straight line to the lower left (it does end up bowing upward slightly, but that's OK), and curving downward more sharply nearer to the right end.
Multiple lock points can be set, resulting in a potentially complex curve winding up and down. I've not found that necessary here.