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Author Topic: Air-Ground Ordnance 1946-1986 (US/Israel/Argentina/UK/ France) Part 1 Unguided Bombs & Napalm  (Read 23151 times)

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Dreamk

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It took me some time but here it is - a collection of Air Ground ordnance used in the verious post ww2 conflicts - roughly in the period 1946 -1986. This first installment contains unguided bombs and napalm for the US, Israel, Argentina, the UK and France - its second part will include clusters and rocket pods.
The passage from one generation of ordnance to the other is never clear cut - and you have for a long time a persistance and coexistence of old and new - the Marines are the worst (or the best) case - they systematically collect left over ordnance and stock it in their gigantic stores in the Californian desert (dry air - no corrosion!)  to use them at will - as they did in Vietnam and elsewhere.

Here's the list of bombs included in these packs (for modding weapons arrays, just add bombgun before each name to get the java name of the bomb)
As usual bombs name include weight, category (GP, frag,...) denomination (if specific), mod (if present), Fuze (if specific)
https://www.mediafire.com/file/fun2be3dffvuo6s/bomb+packs.pdf

and here are the links:
US
https://www.mediafire.com/file/ujjp3lyv5y2a2f3/_armsUS_60s.7z
Israel
https://www.mediafire.com/file/7nqcsq0pj321k6z/_armsIsrael_46_86.7z
and the patch for the Anti-Runway bomb (copy it instead of what is in the above linked folder)
https://www.mediafire.com/file/fbqupf9kurkdq9v/_armsIsrael_46_86+%28AntiRunway+corrections%29.7z
Argentina
https://www.mediafire.com/file/prqbq3w7sphewx1/_ArmsArgentina_82.7z
Notes:
a) UK and French bombs will be uploaded in the coming hours/days - most French bombs of teh period are already part of the Israeli pack.
b) Argentinian bombs are limited to the bombs used during the period of the Falklands/Malvinas conflict in 1982
c) These bombs are modelled to the Il2 standard and are therefore compatible with the other Il2 ordnance that were used on the same planes during the period. As the ordnance form Western's generation 2016 that do not respect this standard, I had to remodel correctly in accordance to the Il2 standard, ordnance pieces used during this period, although similar ones were released by Western but with its own standard, which is incompatible with the rest of Il2 ordnance/ planes, adding some goodies.

1) US
USAF used "M" bombs / napalm, USN used "Mk" bombs / Napalm, Marines used everything including a huge ammount of ww2 ordnance.
The M1 fuze extension was USAF development, Snakeye (Mk14, Mk15) was a Navy extension - only in the last years of  the Vietnam war, the USAF began using Snakeyes and develop the MAU-91 tail for the M117. Till then they used "daisy cutters" with hernia bar ("rods") or with M1A1 fuze extension.
USN used USAF provided M117 with M1 fuze extrension ("Daisy") only sporadically for clearing patches of jungle to create helicopter landing pads.

USAF bombs






USN bombs







Israel
a) This pack does not include the various US WW2 bombs "remade" in Israel in the 1948 period from various parts bought from scraps all over the world, and used in the 1948 and 1946 conflicts, nor the US bombs acquired after 1968 (Mk81, Mk82, M117, M118)
b) Fuzes include indigenous 669 super-quick fuze and Tadmor proximity fuze, as well as the 7-12 and 7-15 low level fuzes ( local copies of the well-known M16 detonator, with a random average delay of around 9 to11s )  and the 20-60 long delay fuze (20-60 minutes) . Longer delay have always been problematic for the Israeli air force, due to the hot environment - a problem solved only with the appearance of electronic fuzes.
c) photo evidence of Israeli bombs with markings is very difficult to find (not to speak of the factious "display painted" bombs)> If members of the forum can upload pics, I'd be delighted.
d) for local production bombs of the 1948 period, I modeled only those for which I had photo evidence and dimensions. A lot remained to be modeled but I lack correct info on dimensions.
e) This pack introduces a new category of ordnance: the Anti runway - here the PPM-70 used in the 6 days war (and still used today as the Condib-70 by a number of countries all around the world)









3) Argentina
Argentinian fuzes were a headache for pilots during teh Falklands / malvinas conflict. Argentinian seem to have been fascinated by delay fuzes and this led them to some rather unadapted choices . Adding to that the arming time that became critical when the pilots atttacked at low level UK ships......This brought them to try strange patterns (such a US AN_M bomb with a British tail, so as to use a British pistol).
Bombs used by Argentinians included ...British bombs, Spanish bombs and locally produced versions of these bombs
Although French Bombs were furnished by Peru during the war they were tested by teh Argentinians, but not used during thr conflict.
The Israeli made bombs (130kg, 360kg and 70kg anti runway) were introduced after the conflict.
US M117 were not used by Argentinian aircraft during the conflict, although they were used by the FAA before.
Mk82 Snakeye were used in limited number by the Argentinians.

Fuzes include the SSQ Superquick (a copy of the Israeli Fuze 669) , the GammaR low level (5m arming, 12s delay), the KappaIII instant fuze (45m arming), the Kappa E (33m arming, instant or 3s delay) and KEMA electronic (0s arming 3s delay) and the British Pistols No76 (instant) and No78 long delay (25 to 30s)

This pack introduce a new functionality - the airburst time fuze (something planned in the fuze class since Il2 early days, but never implemented as such!)







I will be happy to make cod file for suitable aircraft - just post your suggestions in this thread

ATTENTION!
1. Each of these packs include a cod folder so you can see by yourself how these bombs look and behave in the game, using a test plane. Do not forget after that to delete these cod folders (or to rename them -cod so that they will not be loaded)
for the US bombs this test plane is the P-51D-5NT 1944
For the Israeli bombs this test plane  is the Spitfire LIXe 1944
For the Argentinian bombs this test plane  is the F6F5, 1944
2. The bombs having for suffix "Tadmor", "VTbar" or "VTring", have proximity fuze and therefore need to have the proximity fuze mod installed (https://www.sas1946.com/main/index.php/topic,51988.0.html)
Enjoy!



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jeanba

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That's absolutly great !!!

Especially the PPM-70
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SAS~Skylla

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A Wonderful pack!

Thank you very much DreamK :D
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Squashman

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Hi Dreamk

Extremely well done - marvellous !

regards
Squash
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Dreamk

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I forgot to post pics of the French bombs of the Israeli Pack


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sparky

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Many thanks dreamk, didn't see this coming. Not to sound ungrateful in anyway, but are you also still working on your WW2 British bombs and ordinance please?

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Dreamk

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Yes The UK WW2 pack is being stuffed in the pipeline - The I made this pack as a "ventilation" in the middle of the British TI markers (making java for them is a really boring task)

A few more details:
1) Napalm
Napalm was used extensively in Vietnam to clear jungle areas, although it was designed as a weapon against concentrations of armour or troops - and was used as such with considerable success by the Israelis in 1956 and 1967. However, its main drawback is to demand a Low-Speed Low-Level approach.
This led the Israelis to stop use it around 1972, due to the presence of litterally thousands of AA gun (each ZSU-23 Shilka has 4 guns) spread by the Soviet in Egypt around their SA-2/3/6 missile bases. This caused the Israeli Air Force to change its tactics, passing to high speed high altitude bombing, and demanding the development and use other types of ordnance: cluster ammunition and guided bombs/ Air Groudn Missiles.
BTW this also led the Israelis to stop using another weapon they used with high effficiency till then: the air ground unguided rockets (HVAR, T-10, oerlikon SURA, SNEB) that also demanded a Low Speed Low Level approach.
The introduction of fins on US Napalm bombs was intended to give an answer to this problem, but apparently this was not really successful.
The well known photos from the time of the second Gulf War of US stocks of Mk77 napalm bombs brought by them to this theater of operations, reveal in fact the US planned adequate answer to a tactical problem: the Marines division, in a brillant manoeuver, rushed northwards and bypassed the main Iraki forces, trapping them in the marsh areas - recreating in fact the situation of WW1 when the Ottoman Turkish forces trapped the British around Kut, till they surrendered after a long period of siege. In face of such an eventuality, the only efficient way to speedily force the Irakis out of the marsh into surrender without entering in an intensive fighting in uneasy ground, was obviously napalm - as a matter of fact, the Iraki army, with its centralized, Soviet type, chain of military and political command cut, disintegrated by itself.

I forgot to indicate the type of aircraft using Israeli napalm bombs (this does not mean timeline, as with the exception of the 200 liters type 200, all the other napalm bombs co-existed and were used operationally in the 1967-1972 Attrition war period, the Mk1, Mk2, Mk3 and Mk4 being locally produced already before 1967 and used during the 6 days war)
200 liters Type 200 - P51D
450 liters Mk1 (a copy of the French SECAN type 63) - Ouragan, Mystere, SuperMystere, Mirage
380 liters Mk2 (a copy of the "French copy of the US BLU-1" - yes, like that) -  Ouragan, Mystere, SuperMystere, Mirage, Skyhawk and possibly Phantoms
300 liters Mk3 - Ouragan, Mystere
300 liters Mk4 - Mystere, Super-Mystere, Vautour, Mirage, Skyhawk
200 liters Mk6 - Skyhawk and possibly Phantoms  - with this type of napalm bomb, 2 such bombs could be carried one behind another on the same rack.
Although in theory the Kfir could carry Napalm bombs, apparently it not operationally used by this plane.
The Israeli Nesher was purely used by them as an interceptor fighter, at the difference of its later role in Argentinian hands as teh Dagger.

Argentinian Napalm was designed to be used by the Pucaras, Skyhawk and Dagger, but apparently not used operationally (except a disputed report).

2) M904 fuzes
US fuzes designed in the 1960s introduced the posibility of selecting various arming times to answer the different conditions of release by various types planes at various speeds and heights - as we have not such a possibitlity (at the present time  ;) )I  in the game, I decided to opt for the minimal release time of these fuzes (2 seconds, generally)

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sparky

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max_thehitman

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Beautiful looking models and looking very realistic too !
THANK YOU DreamK  8)

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Gaston

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Very nice ! deserves its inclusion in BAT/JTW !!!
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Dreamk

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US Bomb stripes:
After the Korean war, the ww2 era colored stripes markings on US bombs was simplified with a  a single 3-in  yellow band around the nose of explosive bombs.
After the Forrestal fire in 1967 a special ablative coating covered the bomb body, adding some 30 lb (14 kg) to its weight, and second yellow stripe was added to the nose of these thermally protected (TP) Navy bombs.
However, it was a number of years after that before all the pre-1967 bombs made it all the way through the inventory.  During that period, some Mk 82's were one stripers and some had two. Photo evidence shows that early 4 years after the Forrestal fire in July 1967, in 1971 older ordinance was still at sea.

US bombs designation:
For the M117 and the AN conical fin extension series, I have used the A1 an A2 suffix, to differentiate the versions for the sake of simplifying life to modders and gamers - however the differences between original bomb and its A1 and A2 versions, were not related to the fin but to some slight differences:
A1 version of the GP bombs contains antiwithdrawal pins in the base plug and a device for locking the adapter-booster to the base plug.
A2 differed further by having a thicker and rounder nose, while the ratio of explosive filler to total weight was approximately 50 percent, as compared to an average weight ratio of 53 percent in the former versions .

Israeli bombs designations:

Israeli apparently tend to call bombs using the real weight of the bomb and not its class, as the US and the French do. Therefore a same 100lb bomb class can be designed as a 50kg or a 70kg depending of the nature of the explosive filler (generally TNT or Tritonal). Similarly, the French SAMP 400g bomb weighting 360kg - the Israelis, when making there own modified copy of this bomb called it "360" .
Bombs bought from the US were not repainted and therefore sported the original US yellow band around the nose and teh English lettering. American bombs produced under lciense in Israel did not sport this yellow band, the lettering being of course in Hebrew. I just got a photo of such a Mk82 bomb and a M117 and I'll try to make the suitable bitmaps.

French bombs designations:
This is a real mess, refelcting the repeated reforms that took place since WW2 every 7-10 years or so, and resulted in a total dizorganization of the French defense industry, therefore demanding, at each time, another reform to try and correct the disaster.
These bombs were produced first by the Edgard Brand company (SNEB), then  STRIM (SOCIETE TECHNIQUE DE RECHERCHES DES INDUSTRIES MILITAIRES) developed in the mid sixties new models of bombs, once again with a a body very similar to the US AN-GP pattern but with modified tails, that were produced by SAMP company, then by MATRA, and each of these societies issued new appellations for these bombs:
For instance the 260-lb (120kg real; weight) Frag Bomb AN-M81 with conical fin assembly, becomes the M81A....to be apparently briefly MATRA M81A,.... then renamed MATRA 70 and then...disappearing
Matra added further by calling bombs by the kind of tail they used - the T200 tail or the Type 25C (later E and F) tail
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max_thehitman

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Thanks for the information Dreamk.  Very interesting history.
You are an encyclopedia on all things about bombs and rockets  8) Very cool !
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